EXPERIMENT NO. 4
CHANGES OF MATTER AND ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
OBJECTIVES
1. To compare a physical change and a chemical change
2. To illustrate the law of conservation of mass
3. To differentiate the different types of chemical reactions
CONCLUSION
In performing the 4th experiment, Changes of Matter and Energy Transformation, I conclude that Matter can be Physically or Chemically change. In Physical change of matter, it only change the extensive property of matter while in Chemical change, changes occur on the intensive property of matter and forming a new and different product.
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass of substances in a closed system will remain constant no matter what processes are acting inside the system. Matter may change form, it can neither be created or destroyed thus the mass of the reactants must always be equal to the mass of the products.
Chemical reactions can be place into 4 general categories naming Combination, Decomposition, Single Replacement and Double Replacement.
In Combination, also known as synthesis, 2 or more element or compounds combine to form a more complex substance while in Decomposition, a compound or complex substance is broken down into two or more elements or/and compounds. Combination and Decomposition is the exact opposite or each other.
Single replacement / Substitution / Single displacement is a reaction in which a free element, more active than the element to be replaced, replaces another element is a compound. In Double replacement / Metathesis / Double displacement / Double decomposition, two compounds exchange metallic and nonmetallic portions to form two new compounds.
General Forms
Combination Decomposition Substitution Metathesis
A + B ® C C ® A + B A + BC ® B + AC AB + CD ® AD + CB